Mammography Anatomy

Breast Anatomy

Glandular Tissue | Fibrous Stroma | Adipose Tissue | Cooper Ligaments | Nipple Areolar Complex

Regional Landmarks

Clavicle | Sternum | Axilla | Inframammary Fold | Tail Of Spence

Vascular And Lymphatic

Axillary Lymph Nodes | Internal Mammary Nodes | Superficial Vessels


Mammography Views And Protocols

Craniocaudal CC

Standard View

Breast Compressed Horizontally | Nipple In Profile | Include Medial And Lateral Tissue | Center To Nipple


Mediolateral Oblique MLO

Standard View

Angle Typically 30 To 60 Degrees | Include Pectoral Muscle And Tail Of Spence | Position Nipple In Profile | Center To Nipple


Spot Compression

Targeted Detail

Small Paddle For Focal Area | Increased Compression For Improved Detail | Useful For Calcifications And Mass Characterization


Magnification Views

High Detail For Microcalcifications

Use Magnification Stand Off | Lower kVp And Higher mAs | Focus On Area Of Interest With Small Focal Spot


Implant Views

Eklund Displacement Technique

Displace Implant Posteriorly | Pull Breast Tissue Anteriorly Over Paddle | Obtain CC And MLO With Implant Out Of Field When Possible


Additional Projections

Cleavage And Tangential Views

Cleavage View For Medial Tissue | Tangential For Superficial Lesions | Use As Complementary Views When Standard Projections Are Inconclusive


Patient Preparation And Positioning

Preparation

Clothing And Artifacts

Remove Clothing Above Waist | No Deodorant Or Powders | Explain Compression And Procedure | Obtain Consent For Diagnostic Or Screening Exam


Positioning Tips

Centering And Compression

Ensure Pectoral Muscle Visible On MLO | Pull Tissue From Axilla Into Field | Apply Firm Even Compression | Align Nipple Perpendicular To Detector For CC


Special Considerations

Pregnancy And Implants

Pregnancy Requires Risk Benefit Discussion | Use Shielding And Minimize Views When Possible | For Implants Use Eklund Technique And Document Implant Type


Quality Assurance And Technique

Image Quality

Sharpness Contrast And Compression

Assess For Motion Blur | Adequate Compression To Reduce Scatter | Proper Exposure And Contrast To Visualize Glandular Tissue And Microcalcifications


Equipment QA

Daily And Periodic Tests

Daily Phantom Tests | Monitor Compression Paddle Integrity | Regular Detector Calibration And Mammography Unit Accreditation Requirements


Radiation Dose

Minimize While Maintaining Diagnostic Quality

Use Automatic Exposure Control | Optimize kVp And mAs For Breast Thickness | Document Dose Per View For QA Purposes


Reporting And BI RADS

BI RADS Assessment

Standardized Reporting

Use BI RADS Categories For Findings And Management Recommendations | Include Views And Comparison With Prior Studies When Available


Documentation

Include Technique And Positioning Notes

Document Any Limitations | Note Implants Surgical Clips Or Prior Surgeries | Include Compression And Exposure Parameters If Relevant


Terminology

CC

Craniocaudal | Top To Bottom View Of Breast

MLO

Mediolateral Oblique | Oblique View Including Pectoral Muscle And Axillary Tail

Eklund Technique

Implant Displacement | Technique To Image Breast Tissue Separately From Implant

BI RADS

Breast Imaging Reporting And Data System | Standardized Assessment Categories

Magnification View

Increased Geometric Magnification For Microcalcification Evaluation | Small Focal Spot Required