GI Tract Anatomy
Esophagus | Stomach | Duodenum | Small Intestine | Colon | Rectum
GU Anatomy
Kidneys | Ureters | Bladder | Urethra
Musculoskeletal And Spinal Anatomy
Joints | Synovial Cavities | Spinal Canal | Nerve Roots
Vascular Anatomy
Arterial Trees | Venous Systems | Major Branch Points
Barium Swallow
Patient Drinks Barium | Upright And Recumbent Views | Spot Fluoro To Evaluate Motility And Aspiration
Stomach And Duodenum
Single Or Double Contrast | RAO And PA Projections | Fluoro To Follow Barium Through Duodenum
Colon Evaluation
Retrograde Contrast Introduction | Single Or Double Contrast | AP Obliques And Lateral Spot Images
Voiding Cystourethrogram
Catheterize Bladder | Fill With Contrast | Fluoro During Voiding | Evaluate Reflux And Urethral Anatomy
Bladder Filling Study
Contrast Instilled Via Catheter | AP And Oblique Views | Evaluate Bladder Contour And Extravasation
Spinal Canal Study
Contrast Into Subarachnoid Space | Fluoro Guided Injection | AP And Oblique Spot Images With CT Correlation Often Performed
Joint Contrast Study
Contrast Injected Into Joint Under Fluoro | Evaluate Labral Or Rotator Cuff Tears | May Combine With MRI
Functional Assessment
Dynamic Fluoro To Assess Swallowing Phases | Use Multiple Consistencies Of Contrast | Coordinate With Speech Pathology When Available
ALARA And Shielding
Use Lowest Reasonable Fluoro Time | Collimate To Area Of Interest | Use Pulsed Fluoroscopy | Lead Shielding For Staff And Patient When Appropriate
Allergy And Renal Considerations
Screen For Iodinated Contrast Allergy | Check Renal Function For IV Contrast | Use Water Soluble Contrast For Suspected Perforation
NPO And Bowel Prep
NPO For Upper GI And Swallow Studies | Bowel Prep As Indicated For Barium Enema | Explain Procedure And Obtain Consent
Aseptic Technique For Catheterizations
Use Sterile Technique For VCUG Cystogram And Myelogram | Proper Disposal Of Contrast And Contaminated Materials
Detector Types
Flat Panel Detectors Provide Improved Image Quality And Lower Dose | Ensure Proper Detector Positioning For Optimal Field Of View
Reduce Dose
Use Pulsed Mode When Possible | Adjust Pulse Rate To Balance Motion And Dose | Use Last Image Hold For Documentation
Enhance Visualization
Acquire High Quality Spot Images For Documentation | Use Subtraction For Vascular Studies To Remove Background Anatomy
Fluoroscopy
Real Time X Ray Imaging | Used For Dynamic And Interventional Studies
Single Contrast
Contrast Agent Only | Useful For Contour And Motility Studies
Double Contrast
Contrast Plus Air | Enhances Mucosal Detail In GI Studies
VCUG
Voiding Cystourethrogram | Fluoro During Voiding To Evaluate Reflux
Myelogram
Contrast In Subarachnoid Space | Evaluates Spinal Canal And Nerve Root Compression