Alveolar Structure
The human lungs contain an estimated three hundred to five hundred million alveoli which provide a large surface area for gas exchange.
Diaphragm Function
The diaphragm performs most of the work of breathing in healthy adults and drives normal ventilation.
Gas Exchange Basics
Gas exchange occurs when oxygen diffuses into blood and carbon dioxide diffuses out through alveolar membranes.
Minute Ventilation
Normal resting ventilation averages six liters per minute which supports metabolic needs.
Respiratory Efficiency
Healthy lungs maintain efficient oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange through coordinated muscle and airway function.
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